Method of removably mounting sheet material



Fb. 21, 1939. H. T. JOHNSON METHOD O REMOVABLY MOUNTING SHET MATERIALFiled Sept. 26,` 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR. l Hor/y 7.1/0/750/2BYE;c

ATTO EY. i

Feb. 21,1939.

H; T. JoHNsQN METHOD OF REMOVABLY MOUNTING SHEET MATERIAL Filed Sept.26, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb.21, 1939. HTQJOHNSON 2,147,817

METHOD OF REMOVABLY MOUNTING SHEET MATERIAL Filed Sept. 26, 1956 3Sheets-Sheet 3 I lg H 4 l` IN V EN TOR.

A TTOIINEY.

Patented Feb. 21, 1939 METHOD OF RE OVABLY MOUNTING SHEET MATE RIALHarry T. Johnson, Hollis, N. Y., afssignor to Johnson & Semonsen,Bellerose, N. Y.,'a partnership Applicatin September 26, 1936, SerialNo. 102,753

11 Claims.

This invention relates to the detachable joining or mounting of sheetmaterials for artistic or decorative purposes, and, for the covering ofsurfaces such, for example, as the papering of walls, mounting of billposters and like operations. The essential features of my invention arereadily understood to be exemplified in the hanging of wall paper.

.According to present well known methods of hanging wall papers, thewall paper is made ,in decorated strips having opposite undecoratedmargins and formed in rolls for delivery. In preparation for repaperinga surface according to the old-method, the old paper is removed from thewall by a laborious and time consuming wetting and scraping operation.Then successive lengths of paper are drawn `from the roll and aretrimmed either along one edge in order to overlap the untrimmed margin-of a preceding strip after it has been applied to the wall or trimmedalong both edges for preparing it for abutting relationship alongopposite edges with strips that are to be respectively attached to thewall before and after its attachment thereto. The reverse sides ofseveral of the trimmed strips are then coated with wet adhesiveimmediately before the application of said strips one after another tothe wall. The trimmed edges are either overlapped over the untrimmededge of the previously applied strip, or butted against the trimmed edgeof the previously applied strip while matching the design portions onadjoining strips as nearly as possible before the wet adhesive hasv set.Under Vthis procedure, the hurried action required of the paper hangerusually leads to poorly registered designs along the joined edges.Furthermore, the wet adhesive greatly weakens the paper and renders itliable to rupture in case the paper is withdrawn for the purpose ofsecuring better registry by reattachment tothe surface. Again, it isusual to paste several strips of wall paper at Vthe same timeandinasmuch as the strips of paper that have been moistened by the wetadhesive tend to elongate and as they elongate more and more dependingupon the lapse of time before they are attached to the wall, saidstripswill be' of progressively greater lengths when they are at tached. Theseconditions not only give the paper hanger considerable trouble andprevent the proper positioning of the moistened strip on a surface towhich it is attached but also lead 'to further troubles due to the factthat as the paste sets and dries the wall paper strips become distortedby shrinkage which is not uniformly (Cl. 21S-62) distributed. Itsometimes happens furthermore that the colors in wall paper fade due tomoisture, and discolor due to chemical changes.

While forms of adhesives other than paste, mucilage or glue'(the firstnamed being usually employed with wall paper) have been made use of forsomewhat similar purposes, such other forms of adhesives are notsuitable for wall paper or other materials which are to be attached tosurfaces in the manner contemplated by the present application. l

In one type of work, a sheet which is to be mounted on a given surface,is coated with a thin film of viscous rubber containing a suitablesolvent. This method is not suitable for hanging wall paper, forexample, due to the fact that the hanging operation must be completedbefore the solvent evaporates and henceinvolves considerable weakeningof the material, more or less distortion therein, and a limited timewithin which the operation must be consummated.

Another form of adhesive is largely composed of resin which melts onlyat higher than normal temperatures and hence requires a supply of heatthat is not readily available or is inconvenient in many cases.Furthermore, considerable pres-` sure is required with this form ofadhesive while -the material is being applied to a given surface. At thesame time adhesives composed largely of resin crack when drying undernormal temperatures. This form of adhesive therefore is not suitable forthe purpose contemplated by the present application. y

The use of gutta'percha has been resorted to in various kinds of Workand while this formof adhesive requires less heat and pressure andconsumes less time than an adhesive composed largely of resin, thismethod is objectionable for the purposes contemplated by the presentapplication due largely to the fact that the method requires theemployment of a hot iron with its attending difliculties anddisadvantages.

It is also an established practice in the mounting of photographs, tocoat the reverse side of a photograph as well as the surface upon whichit is to be mounted with dry adhesive and after these coatings havedried, to press the photograph to said surface. In this case, however,the contacting areas are usually small; there is no necessity forsecuring proper registration of design portions occurring onsuccessively mounted sheets or strips, and inasmuch as the trimmedmargins of a photograph are of quite limited extent and are to bemounted in well defined areas which` conform thereto, there isrelatively little difliculty in properly disposing the sheet material.In consequence, there is little or no necessity for detachably mountingthe photograph and hence no requirement for applying a predeterminedamount of pressure proportional to the strength of the materialavailable for resisting rupture during repeated detachments of the sheetmaterial for the proper registration of adjacent portions of a designformed on successively mounted sheets or strips.

I propose in a general way to provide a novel method for preparing sheetmaterials at the place of manufacture for strengthening them andgenerally improving their inherent properties for detachably engagingsurfaces upon which they are to be mounted; an improved method forpackaging the sheet material at its place of manufacture to conserve itsenhanced properties during subsequent handling and carriage to the placeat which it is to be used; and a novel method for applying the sheetmaterial to the surface to be covered or decorated.

I also propose to provide the sheet material during its process ofmanufacture with certain novel properties by virtue of which after itsdelivery at any desired place, the sheet material without furthertreatment of any kind, can be attached to and detached from a givensurface the desired number of times until the desired placement of thesheet material is obtained.

I further propose to provide a novel method for forming an imperfectbond between a sheet of material and the surface to which it is to beattached-by reducing the adhesive power of the adhesive compositionapplied to the surface; to the material; or to both the surface and thematerial.

I also propose to provide a novel method for forming an incomplete bondbetween a sheet of material and a surface to which it is attached bymeans of adhesive interposed between isolated, spaced or scattered areasof regular or irregular contour.

I propose specifically to provide a novel method of removably attachingwall coverings having portions standing out in bold relief with respectto intervening depressions such, for example, as wall paper providedwith so-called hills and valleys.

I also propose to provide an improved method of packaging the sheetmaterial after its completion at the place of manufacture to insure itsdelivery at any desired place in a condition to be applied to a surfacein an improved manner without further treatment of any kind.

I further propose to provide a novel method for removably attaching thefibrous surface of sheet materials to walls or other surfaces, saidmethod including a partial impregnation of the fibrous surface of saidsheet materials with a substance suitable for stiifening andstrengthening the materials, and subsequently coating the partiallyimpregnated fibrous surface with an adhesive which has its bonding powerwith the sheet impaired by the preliminary partial impregnation of thefibrous surface, for forming incomplete or imperfect bonds between sheetmaterials and walls or surfaces and thus providing for removal of sheetmaterials from wall or other surfaces at the line of impaired bond.

I also propose to provide a novel method for removably papering andrepapering the walls of a room, or similarly removably or replaceablyapplying a display poster or the like to the surface, of a bill board orsimilar surface by an adhesive which obviates the diiculties referred toabove in connection with the hanging of all paper by the employment ofwet adhesive, and which permits the removal at any time during aprotracted period of the attached sheet material by a simple strippingaction.

The general object of my invention is therefore to provide a novelmethod for strengthening and in a general way preparing sheetI materialsduring their process of manufacture for repeated attachments to anddetachments from a given surface without rupturing or distorting thematerial; to provide an improved method for packaging the sheetmaterials at the place of manufacture for protecting them from injuryduring transportation to any desired place at which they are to be used;and to provide a novel method of attaching sheet materials to surfacesfor the purpose of obtaining accurate placement thereon.

Another object of my invention is to provide sheet materials fordecorative purposes with certain novel adhesive properties to enablethem to be repeatedly attached to and detached from prescribed surfacesa desired number of times without rupturing or distorting the materialsand for perfecting the placement of the sheet materials.

A further object of my invention is to form an imperfect bond of novelform and character between a sheet of material and a given surface bythe application of an adhesive composition having a reduced adhesivepower to the surface or to the material or to both the surface andmaterial.

Another object is to provide an incomplete bond of novel form andcharacter between a sheet of material and the surface to which it isattached by adhesive interposed between isolated, spaced or scatteredareas thereof of regular or irregular contour.

A specific object of my invention is to provide a novel method forattaching to walls wall coverings such, for example, as wall paperswhich have portions standing out in bold relief with respect tointervening depressions.

Another object of my invention is to provide a novel method forpackaging the sheet materials after they have been completely finishedat the manufacturing plant for transporting them to any desired placewithout impairment of their peculiar properties which enable them to berepeatedly attached to and detached from surfaces without furthertreatment.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a novel method forremovably attaching fibrous materials to surfaces by means of adhesivecompositions of novel form and character to form incomplete or imperfectbonds between the materials and surfaces for permitting repeatedattachments to and detachments from said surfaces while at the same timeserving to stiffen and strengthen the fibrous materials to avoid yscribed and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings there has been illustrated simple andpreferred forms of my invention, it being understood however that nolimitation is necessarily made to the precise structural details thereinshown, but that alterations and modiilcationswithin the scope of theappended claims may be resorted to when desired.

In the drawings- Fig. l is a sectional perspective view of one pre`ferred embodiment of my invention showing an adaptationof the inventiontothe hanging of wall paper.

Fig. 2 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary section of the wall paper withan applied coating of adhesive before its attachment to the wall.

Fig. 3 is a sectional perspective view of another preferred embodimentof my invention showing its adaptation to the hanging of wall paperprovided with so called hills and valleys.

Fig. d is a greatly enlarged fragmentary secy tion of the unattachedwall paper with adhesive coating according to Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional perspective view of another embodiment of myinvention according to which the sheet material is being applied to asurface under predetermined pressure, the sheet material beingrepresented as a strip of wall paper which has been coated with dryadhesive after being partially impregnated with adhesive resistant. l

Fig. 6 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary section ofthe unattached coatedpartially impregnated paper shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 'l is a sectional perspective view of another embodiment of myinvention showing its adaptation to the hanging of a strip of wall paperwhich has been partially impregnated with latex prior to its attachmentto a wall'or surface which has also been coated with latex.

Fig. 8 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary rection of the prepared wallpaper shown in Fig. l prior to its application to the wall surface.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of a sheet of materialhaving scattered areas thereof coated with adhesive.

Fig. 4lil -is a. greatly enlarged fragmentary section of the preparedsheet material taken on the line lil-lil, of Fig. 9.

. Fig. ll is a perspective view of a sheet of material prepared in thenovel manner disclosed in the present specication, said material being`made into a roll and provided with protective caps at opposite ends ofthe roll to form a package of novel formation which protects thefinished material againstdistortion or mutilation during its conveyance.from place to place.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary face view of two adjacently disposed detachedwall paper strips of the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings,said sheets being shown with trimmed abutment edges to represent theloci of registration points for pattern markings on the respectivestrips.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, in the embodiment of myinvention shown in Figs. l and 2, the surface of a wall I2 which may ibe the wall'of a room which is being papered,

a bill board to lwhich a poster is being attached or other surface whichis being covered, is provided with a coating I3 of adhesive of anysuitable composition having the desired' properties such, for example,as a form of dry adhesive.

The sheet material I4 exemplified in the form of a strip of wall paper,has been previously coated with adhesive l5` of preferably similarcomposition to the coating i3 and as shown in a greatly exaggerated wayin Fig. 2 at i6, is bonded with the fibrous surface of the paper. i4. Inapplying the wall paper i4 to the prepared surface of wall i2, the sheetmaterial or wall paper is progressively attached or mounted under a' orstripped from the wall without distorting or' rupturing the paper. Underthese conditions, the wall paper may be attached to and detached fromthe wall surface time and time again during a protracted period, withoutfurther application of adhesive so that the attachment and detachment ofthe strip can be repeated as many times as are necessary for securing aperfected It will be underu hanging of the wall paper. stood from thisdescription that by 'carefully trimming the lateral edges of thecompletely finished wall paper at the place-of manufacture to provide,for example,` a common base line for corresponding or matchedcomplementary design portions which may occur on adjoining strips ofpaper, the use of a suitable adhesive such,

for example, as some form of dry adhesive under predetermined pressure,permits repeated trial attachments and detachments at any time during aprotracted period for accurately registering the markings on adjoiningstrips whichl are not liable to disarrangement or distortion by theabsorption of moisture rapid settingof the adhesive nor by removal wheninaccurately positioned. It is to be clearly understood that the use ofthe preferred adhesives is not subject to these objections. At the sainetime they are not subject to subsequent warping and wrinkling by settingand drying as is the case where the usual form of moist adhesive isemployed.

According to the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4, thesurface of wall il is provided with an adhesive coating it having acomposition similar -to an adhesive coating i9 on the back surface of astrip 2li of wall paper which is deeply embossed to form hills andvalleys. As' illustrated in greatly exaggerated form `in Fig. 4, theadhesive coating I 9 is bonded at 2| with the brous surface of the wallpaper 20 and conforms to the general contour of the hills and valleys(relief portions when applied to the walls).in such a way as to provideincomplete or more or less powerful adhesive bonds by means of which thepaper 20 may be attached tothe wall il with any desired tenacity andthus permit the paper to be removed at any time during'aprotractedperiod and as often as desired and wholly determined by theamount of pressure applied to the valleys as aforesaid.

According to the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6,the-surface of a wall 23 is provided with an adhesive coating 2t, astrip 25 being in process of being applied thereto by a brush 28. Priorto the application of the paper 2l to the surface of wall 2l andpreferably at the place ,of manufacture, the wall paper is firstpartially impregnated with a relatively thin coating 28 of some suitableadhesive resistant substance which stiffens the fibers of andstrengthens the paper while at the sameI time reducing the capacity ofthe paper to bond with an adhesive coating 21 which is then imposedthereon. An' adhesive resistant substance which I have found suitablefor this purpose is composed of `carbonate of soda, latex, casein, andwater in the proportions of 1, 25, '74, and 400 parts respectively. Athin coating of this compound serves to give rigidity to the ilbers ofthe paper and also strengthens the paper, yet it prevents perfeetbonding between the paper and the coating 21. It will be understood fromthis description that while the bond established between the adhesivecoatings 2| and 21 may be rendered imperfect under predeterminedpressure vof limited intensity, the bond between the adhesive and thepartially impregnated surface of the paper canv be rendered incompleteto any desired degree. Thus the paper may be removed from the wall 23 atany time by separation along the line of lbond between coatings 26 andv21 when the bond between coatings 24 and 21 exceeds the bond betweencoatings 26 and 21.

Referring now to another embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. '7and 8 of the drawings,

- the surface of a wall 30 is coated with dry adhesive 3i such as latexfor the purpose of hanging thereon a strip 32 of wall paper which asshown on a,

greatly exaggerated scale in Fig. 8 has been previously partiallyimpregnated with dry adhesive 33 preferably in the form of latex forproviding a device whereby theV strength of the bond between paper andwall may be made dependent upon the degree of intimacy establishedbetween the impregnated fibrous surface of the paper and the coatedsurface of the Wall.

Referring now to Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings, one method of preparingsheet material for an incompletely bonded attachment to any desiredsurface is exemplified in a strip 34 of wall paper provided withcoatings 35 on isolated or scattered areas of one surface whereby thewall paper may be made to adhere to the given surface with any desireddegree of tenacity under a predeltermined pressure applied thereto. Asshown in Fig. 1l of the drawings, after the wall paper or other sheetmaterial has been prepared in any of the prescribed forms describedabove, a suitable package for shipping `the completely prepared paper toany desired place at which it is to be used, may be provided by formingit into a roll 36 after the lateral edges have been trimmed. For thispurpose, the roll of trimmed paper is provided at opposite ends withsuitable lprotective caps 31 which encase the rolled trimmed edges ofthe nished product and thus serve to protect the accurately trimmed sideedges creased intervals of time elapsing after their coating withwetadhesive. The detrimental effects of this exposure to moisture in thecase of flat stripsof material have been pointed out above but where thewall paper is highly embossed to 5 produce the so-called hills andvalleys, these detrimental effects are greatly aggravated. In Fig. 12 ofthe drawings is shown the approximate positioning of two strips 38 ofwall paper of the type shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings, said l0strips being provided with hills and valleys represented by patternmarkings of irregular contour which during the lateral abutting of saidstrips during the paper hanging operation must be so positioned that thecorresponding or complementary markings on adjacent strips will be inregister.r For this purpose, the lateral edges of said strips aretrimmed to define the loci of registration points l! and in each strip.In view of the explanation given above, it will be readily understoodthat the coating of a number of strips having hills and valleys formedtherein with wet adhesive at the same time would result in anaggravatedelongation of the strips vin progressively 5 greater amounts dependingupon the lapsed times between the application of adhesive to the severalstrips and their successive attachments to the wall. At the same time,the embossed structure of the strips would be progressively more liable30 to breaking down under the application of pressure thereto due to thegraded increase in the amounts of moisture absorbed by the successivelyattached sheets.

In view of these conditions, it will that the employment of dry adhesiveon the reverse surfaces of 4embossed wall paper strips which have theirlateral edges trimmed to define registration points on the face surfacesof said strips,

will completely eliminate the elongation of said 40 I strips inprogressively greater amounts; it will avoid rupture and distortion ofthe paper due to moisture; it will avoid distortion and wrinkling due tonon-uniform drying of the wet adhesive after the strips have beenattached to the wall;

and will permit repeated attachments and detachments at any time duringa protracted period of each successive strip to secure a perfectplacement thereof with respect to a previously mounted strip. By aprotracted period" is meant a .50

period of time in excess of that required for the well known wetadhesives to set.

The adhesive that I prefer to employ is one in which, when in a drystate, adherence or coherence will occur only between coatings having a5J common basic substance. The solution is applied to the material inany well known manner and, upon evaporation, the residue becomes a dryadhesive that will not adhere or cohere to other than coatings having acommon basic substance. In view of the fact that dry coatings having theforegoing properties have become generally known in the art as dryadhesives", I have used this term in the appended claims.

By the term "dry adhesive", I include latex of o.

any suitable composition, rubber compounds or compositions other thanlatex which can be utilized for flexible coatings having thedesiredproperties and which after being applied at the 71 place of manufacture,for example, can be rolled or otherwise packaged and shipped readyprepared to the desired place at which it is to be utilized. I

- For the purpose of providing an adhesive with z.

be seen 35 understood that I have disclosed a novel method forstrengthening and in a general way preparing sheet materials forrepeated attachment to and detachment from a given surface without in-.jury or distortion to the materials; that I have provided a novelmethod of packaging the prepared sheet materials for transportation totheir points of destination in readiness for use without furthertreatment of any kind; and that I have provided a novel method forremovably mounting the sheet materials on surfaces when received.

It is obvious that I have provided sheet materials for decorativepurposes having novel adhesive properties which enable them to berepeatedly attached to and detached from surfaces for the purpose ofperfecting their placement thereon. i

It will be seen that I have provided an imperfect bond of novel formandcharacter by the employment of an adhesive compound with impairedbonding power due to the intermixture therewith of a filler or counteradhesive.

It is clear also that I have provided an incomplete bond of novel formand character Aby in- Aterposing adhesive between opposed, isolated,

spaced or scattered areas of the material and surface to which it isattached. y l

I have also provided a novel method for forming detachable bonds betweenthe surface of a wall and a covering therefor having portions standingout in bold relief with respect to intervening depressions.

I have furthermore provided means of novel form for packaging wall paperwhich in its final form at the place of manufacture is ready to beremovably mounted on a surface at a future time without injury fromcarriage and requiring no fur-ther treatment of any kind. l

It will be understood that I have provided a novel method for removablymounting fibrous materials on surfaces such, for example, asl the wallsof a room, on bill boards and other surfaces, said method being suitablefor stiifening and strengthening the fibrous materials =by theapplication thereto of adhesive `compositions which under predeterminedpressures have limited bonding power which permit the fibrous materialsto be stripped from the surfaces without liability of rupture ordistortion.

I have also provided a novel method -for removably papering andrepapering the walls of a roomby means of wall paper strips previouslytrimmed and provided with adhesive at the fac- 4 tory, said methodcontemplating trial attachments and detachments` of the trimmed andadhesive coated strips for accurate placement on the 4 walls.

Having thus described my invention and pointed out the novel featuresresiding therein, what I claim is:

5 1. The method of removably attaching a sheet of material to a surface,which consists in coating oneside of the sheet of material and thesurface with dry adhesive, applying the sheet of material to the surfacewith the coatings of dry adhesive in contact, applying pressure ofpredeterrninedv intensity to the sheet of material, whereby the sheet ofmaterial may be stripped from the surface at any time during aprotracted period and separation of the sheet of material from thesurface will occur between the coatings of dry adhesive. i

v2. The method of removably attaching a sheet of material to a surface,which consists in coating one side of the sheet of material and thesurface with dryadhesive, applying the sheet of material to the surfacewith the coatings of dry adhesive in contact, applying pressure ofpredetermined intensity to the sheet of material,

lwhereby the sheet of material may be stripped from the surface at anytime during a protracted period and separation of the sheet of materialfrom the surface will occur within the combined coatings of dryadhesive. v

3. The method of attaching a sheet of material to a surface, whichconsists in coating one side of the sheet of material with adhesive andallowing the adhesive to dry, coating the surface/with adhesive,applying the sheet of material to the surface with the coatings ofadhesive in contact,

applying pressure of predetermined intensity to the sheet of material,whereby the sheet of material may be stripped from the surface at anytime during a protracted period and the line of least resistance toparting therebetween will occur within the combined coatings ofadhesive, and adhesive willremain on the sheet of material and on thesurface to provide for reattachment of the sheet of material to thesurface.

4. The method of attaching a sheet of material to a surface, whichconsists in coating one side of the sheet of material and the surfacewith adhesive and allowing the adhesive to dry, applying the sheet ofmaterial to the surface with the coatings of adhesive in contact,applying pressure of predetermined intensity to the sheet of mateyrial,` whereby the sheet of material may be stripped from the surface atany time during a protracted period and the line of least resistance toparting therebetween will occur within the combined coatings ofadhesive, and adhesive will remain on the sheet of material and on thesurface to provide for reattachment of the sheet of material to thesurface.

5. The method of removably attaching a sheet of material to a surface,which consists in coating one side of the sheet of material withscatteredareas of dry adhesive, coating the surface with dry adhesive,applying the sheet of material to the surface with the coatings of dryadhesive in contact, applying pressure of predetermined intensity tothe4 sheet of material, whereby the sheet of material may be strippedfrom the surface at any time during a protracted period and separationof the sheet of material from the surface will occur between thecoatings of dry adhesive.

6. The method of removably attaching a sheet of material to a surface,which consists in coating one side of the sheet of material withscattered areas of dry adhesive, coating the surface with dry adhesive,applying the sheet of material to the surface with the coatings of dryadhesive in contact, applying pressure oi'v predetermined intensity tothe sheet of material, whereby the sheet of material may be strippedfrom the surface at any time during a protracted period and separationof the sheet of material from the surface will occur within the combinedcoatings of dry adhesive.

'7. '.Ihe method of attaching a sheet of material to a surface, whichconsists in coating one side of the sheet of material and the surfacewith adhesive substance, which when dry, has greater adherence to thesheet of material and to the surface than coherence occurring betweenthe 'respective coatings of adhesive when placed in contact, allowingthe adhesive to dry, applying the sheet of material to the surface withthe coatings of adhesive in contact, applying pressure of predeterminedintensity to the sheet of material, whereby the sheet of material may bestripped from the surface at any time during a protracted period andseparation of the sheet of material from the surface will occur Withinthe zone of cohesion of the coatings of adhesive.

8. The method of attaching a sheet of fibrous material to a surface,which consists in coating one side of the sheet of fibrous material andthe surface with adhesive substance, which when dry, surrounds and bindstogether the surface fibers of the sheet of fibrous material and whichadhesive substance when dry has greater adherence to the sheet offibrous material and to the surface than coherence occurring between therespective coatings of adhesive when placed in contact, allowing theadhesive to dry, applying the sheet of fibrous material to the surfacewith the coatings of adhesive in contact, applying pressure ofpredetermined intensity to the sheet of fibrous material, whereby thesheet of fibrous material may be stripped from the surface, andseparation of the fibrous sheet material from the surface will occurwithin the zone of cohesion of the'coatings of adhesive and the surfacefibers of the sheet of fibrous material will not be removed therefrom.

9. The method of attaching a sheet of fibrous material to a fibroussurface, which consists in coating one side of the sheet of fibrousmaterial and the fibrous surface with adhesive substance, which whendry, surrounds .and binds together the surface fibers of the sheet offibrous material and the fibrous-surface and which adhesive substancewhen dry, has greater adherence to the sheet of fibrous material and tothe fibrous surface than coherence occurring between the respectivecoatings of adhesive when placed in contact, allowing the adhesive todry, applying the sheet of fibrous material tothe fibrous surface withthe coatings of adhesive in contact, applying pressure of predeterminedintensity to the sheet of fibrous material, whereby the sheet of fibrousmaterial may be stripped from the fibrous surface, and separation willoccur within the zone of cohesion of the coatings of adhesive and thesurface fibers of the sheet of fibrous material and the brous surfacewill not be removed therefrom.

10. The method of attaching a sheet of material having an irregularcontour comprising hills and valleys to a surface, which consists incoating the reverse side of the sheet of material with a coating ofadhesive conforming to and defined in outline in accordance with thehills and valleys of the irregular contour of the sheet material,coating the surface with adhesive, allowing the adhesive coatings todry, applying the sheet of material to the surface with the coating ofadhesive on the hills of the reverse side of the sheet of material incontact with the coating of adhesive on the surface, applying pressureof predetermined intensity to the sheet of material to effect bondingbetween limited areas of adhesive on the hills of the reverse side ofthe sheet of material and the adhesive of the surface, whereby the sheetof material may be stripped from the surface at any time during aprotracted period and separation of the sheet of material from thesurface will occur within the bonded areas of the combined coatings ofadhesive.

11. The method of attaching a sheet of fibrous material to a surface,which consists in coating one side of the sheet of brous material withadhesive substance, which when dry, surrounds and binds together thesurface fibers of the sheet of fibrous material, allowing the adhesiveto dry, coating the surface with adhesive, applying the sheet ofmaterial to the surface with the coatings of adhesive in contact,applying pressure of predetermined intensity to the sheet of material,whereby the sheet of material may be stripped from the surface and theline of least resistance to parting therebetween will occur within thecombined coatings of adhesive, and adhesive will remain on the sheet ofmaterial and on the surface to provide for reattachment of the sheet ofmaterial to the surface.

HARRY T. JOHNSON.

